The judicial power in the Republic of Belarus is vested in courts of justice and exercised by law, economic and other courts as per the legislation of the Republic of Belarus. Law determines the structure of courts.

Law courts in the Republic of Belarus include the Supreme Court of the Republic of Belarus, Minsk city, district (town) and military courts. Economic courts include the Supreme Economic Court of the Republic of Belarus, economic courts of oblasts and other courts with equal status, economic courts in towns and districts.

Where envisaged by the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, specialized courts may be formed within the system of law and economic courts, such as juvenile, family, administrative, land, tax or other courts.

It is prohibited to create emergency courts of justice.

Justice in the Republic is exercised by courts on the basis of the Constitution and other statutory acts adopted in conformance with it. Cases are considered in court collectively, in some cases where envisaged by the law, individually by a sole judge.

The Constitution authorizes the courts of justice to question the constitutionality of a statutory act if the court decides that the act does not comply with the Constitution when considering specific cases.

In exercising justice, the judges are independent and are subordinate to law only. Interference into the activity of judges in the judiciary is prohibited and punishable by law. Judges may not be engaged in entrepreneurial activity or perform any other paid jobs, except teaching and research.

The Constitutional Court supervizes whether statutory acts passed in the country correspond to the Constitution. The Constitutional Court assesses whether statutory acts comply with the Constitution upon the request of the President, Chamber of Representatives, Council of the Republic, the Supreme Court, the Supreme Economic Court and the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.